Screening of Disease-Complete criteria for screening

 

NEET PG High-Yield: Screening for Disease

Screening is the search for unrecognized disease in asymptomatic populations by means of tests, examinations, or other procedures.

Criteria for Screening (Wilson & Jungner)

Category Description
Disease Important health problem, recognizable latent/early stage, and natural history understood.
Test Simple, safe, acceptable, valid, reliable, inexpensive, high sensitivity/specificity.
Treatment Available/effective treatment, agreed-upon policy for whom to treat.

High-Yield NEET PG Pearls:

  • Validity: Ability of a test to measure what it is supposed to measure (Sensitivity/Specificity).
  • Reliability (Precision): Ability of a test to give consistent results on repeated application.
  • Yield: The amount of previously unrecognized disease that is diagnosed and brought to treatment as a result of screening.
  • Lead Time: The time interval between the detection of a disease by screening and the time when it would have been diagnosed clinically.