Explain embryologic development of endocrine glands, including pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreatic tissues, to understand congenital endocrine disorders and developmental hormonal dysregulation.
Identify gross and microscopic anatomy of endocrine glands and hormone-secreting tissues, correlating structural organization with hormonal synthesis, secretion, vascular supply, and clinical relevance.
Describe hormone synthesis, secretion, transport, receptor signaling, and feedback control to explain normal endocrine regulation of metabolism, growth, reproduction, and stress responses.
MD08.04 Pathology of Endocrine System
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Analyze endocrine disorders including hypo- and hyperfunction states, autoimmune disease, tumors, and genetic syndromes, linking pathophysiology to clinical features and diagnostic testing.
MD08.05 Pharmacology of Endocrine System
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Explain mechanisms, indications, and adverse effects of endocrine drugs, including hormone replacements, antagonists, enzyme inhibitors, and agents affecting glucose, calcium, and thyroid regulation.
MD08.06 Clinical Examination of Endocrine System
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Develop skills in endocrine history-taking, physical examination, dynamic hormone testing, imaging, and laboratory interpretation to diagnose and manage common endocrine disorders.
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