The medical curriculum in Eritrea is primarily delivered through the Orotta School of Medicine and Dental Medicine, located in Asmara, the capital city. Established in 2004, this institution offers a six-year MBBS program, accredited by the National Authority for Quality Assurance and Accreditation of Education (NAQAAE) in Eritrea. The program, conducted in English, includes foundational subjects such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, alongside clinical training in advanced areas like pathology, microbiology, and general clinical medicine. Graduates are required to pass the National Board of Medical Examinations (NBME) in Eritrea to receive a license for medical practice.

Eritrea’s healthcare system has evolved significantly since independence, strongly emphasizing improving access to healthcare services in rural regions and addressing the country’s need for skilled healthcare professionals. This curriculum focuses on building essential clinical skills, which is vital given the limited availability of high-tech equipment. The program fosters practical, hands-on learning, promoting students’ independence, problem-solving, and self-sufficiency as they prepare to meet local healthcare demands.