Uterine Anatomy
Key Anatomical Landmarks
- Parts: Fundus, Body (Corpus), Isthmus (lower uterine segment, develops during pregnancy), and Cervix.
- Position: Most commonly anteverted and anteflexed.
- Ligaments:
- Broad Ligament: A double fold of peritoneum (contains uterine vessels, ureter runs underneath).
- Cardinal (Mackenrodt’s) Ligament: Most important support; prevents uterine prolapse (contains uterine artery).
- Round Ligament: Maintains anteversion; passes through the inguinal canal to the labia majora (embryological remnant of gubernaculum).
Crucial Vascular Relations
| Relation | Clinical Significance |
|---|---|
| Ureter vs. Uterine Artery | The ureter passes under the uterine artery (“Water under the bridge”). |
| Uterine Artery | Branch of the Internal Iliac Artery. |
NEET PG “Must-Know” Pearls
- Blood Supply: Uterine artery anastomoses with the Ovarian artery.
- Lymphatics:
- Fundus & Upper Body: Para-aortic nodes.
- Lower Body & Cervix: Internal/External Iliac nodes.
- Nerve Supply: Inferior hypogastric plexus (sympathetic and parasympathetic).
- “Water under the bridge”: Frequent question; the ureter is at risk during hysterectomy.