Preparation of Patient for Anaesthesia

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The pre-anaesthetic evaluation is critical for risk stratification, optimization of comorbidities, and obtaining informed consent.

Core Components

Area Key Considerations
History Past anaesthetic history (PONV, awareness, MH), current meds, allergies, fasting status.
Airway Assessment using Mallampati, thyromental distance, and mouth opening (LEMON).
Optimization Managing diabetes, hypertension, and anaemia to reduce perioperative risk.
Risk Stratification ASA physical status classification; cardiac risk assessment (Revised Cardiac Risk Index).
High-Yield Clinical Notes:

  • Fasting Guidelines (ASA): Clear liquids (2 hrs), breast milk (4 hrs), infant formula/non-human milk (6 hrs), light meal (6 hrs), heavy meal/fried/fatty foods (8 hrs).
  • Pre-medication: Tailored to patient needs (e.g., anxiolytics like midazolam, gastric acid reducers like famotidine, or anti-emetics like ondansetron).
  • Informed Consent: Must include discussion of common and serious risks (e.g., sore throat, dental injury, nerve injury, and rare life-threatening events).

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