Peritoneal Reflections
Peritoneal reflections are double layers of peritoneum that connect organs to the abdominal wall or to other organs. They provide a pathway for neurovascular structures to reach the viscera.
Key Definitions
| Structure | Description |
|---|---|
| Mesentery | Connects intraperitoneal organs to the posterior abdominal wall (e.g., mesentery of the small intestine). |
| Omentum | A double layer extending from the stomach to adjacent organs (greater and lesser omentum). |
| Peritoneal Ligament | Connects organs or to the abdominal wall (does not usually contain major vessels). |
Clinical Significance
- Greater Omentum: Often called the “policeman of the abdomen” because it migrates to areas of inflammation to wall off infections and protect the viscera.
- Lesser Sac (Omental Bursa): An anatomical space posterior to the stomach. Access to this space is via the Epiploic Foramen (of Winslow).
High-Yield Exam Pearl:
The Epiploic Foramen is bounded anteriorly by the portal triad (common bile duct, hepatic artery, portal vein). Inflammation or surgical trauma to this area can cause severe biliary or vascular complications.