NEET PG High-Yield: Health Problems of the Aged
Geriatrics focuses on the physical, mental, and social health of the elderly. As the global population ages, managing chronic morbidity and preserving functional independence are critical public health priorities.
Key Health Challenges
| Category | Common Conditions |
|---|---|
| Chronic Disease | Hypertension, Diabetes, COPD, Osteoarthritis, Cardiovascular disease. |
| Sensory/Neurological | Cataracts, Presbycusis (hearing loss), Dementia (Alzheimer’s), Parkinsonism. |
| Functional/Psychosocial | Falls, Urinary incontinence, Depression, Social isolation, Polypharmacy. |
The “Geriatric Giants” (Common Syndromes)
- Immobility: Often leads to pressure sores and muscle atrophy.
- Instability: Falls are a leading cause of morbidity/fractures (e.g., Hip fracture).
- Incontinence: Significant impact on dignity and social participation.
- Intellectual Impairment: Delirium (acute) vs. Dementia (chronic).
High-Yield NEET PG Pearls:
- Polypharmacy: Defined as the use of 5 or more medications; increases risk of adverse drug events.
- Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA): A multidimensional, interdisciplinary diagnostic process to determine the medical, psychosocial, and functional capabilities of an older person.
- Ageing Definition: Generally accepted as 60+ years in developing nations, and 65+ in developed nations.