U01.01.077 Vitamin B5

Written by

in

 

Learning Objectives

  • Identify Coenzyme A (CoA) as the primary functional form of Vitamin B5.
  • Describe the role of B5 in acyl transfers and fatty acid synthesis.
  • Recognize the classic clinical presentation of “Burning Feet Syndrome” associated with deficiency.

1. Biochemical Function

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) is a fundamental building block in cellular metabolism. Its name is derived from the Greek pantos, meaning “from everywhere,” reflecting its wide availability in various food sources.

  • Coenzyme A (CoA): B5 is an essential component of CoA, which acts as a universal carrier for acyl groups (acyl transfers).
  • Metabolic Pathways: It is a critical cofactor for:
    • The TCA cycle (as Acetyl-CoA and Succinyl-CoA).
    • Fatty acid synthesis (via Fatty Acid Synthase).
    • Cholesterol synthesis and amino acid catabolism.
Memory Hook: B5 is “pento”thenic acid.

Activity

2. Deficiency Manifestations

Deficiency is extremely rare given its ubiquitous presence in food, but it can be seen in cases of severe malnutrition.

System Clinical Findings
Neurological “Burning Feet Syndrome”: Distal paresthesias, dysesthesia, and a painful burning sensation in the feet.
Endocrine Adrenal Insufficiency: May contribute to the neurological symptoms and fatigue.
Integumentary/GI Dermatitis, enteritis (diarrhea), and alopecia.

Activity

 

Activity